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Card and Paper Modelling
These techniques are of equal value for scratchbuilding and kit construction, and are recommended for the use of adult scale modellers only.
This section includes:
Introduction | Tools | Adhesives | Techniques - Hints & Tips |
Introduction
Cardboard and paper have been used for many years in model making. From the simple paper aeroplane to the most complex architectural models; card and paper as modelling materials are extremely cost efficient; simple to use and require few tools with little experience needed to produce high quality models.
Tools
It should also be remembered that all knives and scissors are dangerous and should always be used with extreme care. Adhesives should only be used in a well ventilated room. Always avoid inhaling any adhesive vapour as this is likely to be harmful. Always wash well any spills in contact with the skin. Always follow the COSH directions on the container.
Only simple inexpensive tools are required for model making using card and paper. These tools can be purchased from our Tools and Materials Internet Web Shop. See the Shopping Index on the right side of this page or CLICK HERE
Knife - The best modelling knives are surgical scalpels. They are extremely strong and can be purchased in a variety of styles with various blade types. X-Acto and other specific modelling knives are popular together with the basic but effective Swann Morton Craft Tool. The most important fact is that the knife is comfortable to use and strong. Remember to always wear safety glasses when using sharp instruments, and to cut away from you. All craft and surgical knives are extremely sharp!
Straight Edge - A simple but essential tool to ensure clean straight lines are cut in a controlled manner. When using any form of model/craft knife, always use a steel straight edge to prevent the blade cutting into the straight edge. A variety of sizes are useful from 15cm to 100cm depending on the work. Safety straight edges are an advantage as the 'holding' fingers are protected from the blade.
Cutting Mat - A recent innovation available in a varity of sizes from A5 to A3, the 'self healing' surface provides a good flat surface for cutting without damage to the blade. Generally a good addition to any tool box.
Scissors - Good quality straight and curve blade scissors are often overlooked by model makers but they can save time when cutting irregular shapes. For accurate intricate work use scissors with a small blade and long handles eg surgical scissors, available in a variety of types. A pair of quality long blade straight scissors allows for neater straight cuts if a knife cannot be used.
Retaining Tools - Basically anything that holds the items in place whilst the adhesive sets. Useful items include bulldog clips, paper clips and paper weights. Masking tape or similar can be useful to hold the model while it sets or as a temporary fix when checking. Drawing pins can be invaluable.
Adhesives
Adhesives should only be used in a well ventilated room. Always avoid inhaling any adhesive vapour as this is likely to be harmful. Always wash well any spills in contact with the skin. Always follow the COSH directions on the container.
A wide variety of adhesives can be used on cardboard and glue depending upon the thickness/quality
of material and the required finish. Some of the most popular types are listed as follows:
'All Purpose Adhesives' - These adhesives include Bostick, UHU and Humbrol All Purpose Clear. They
are designed for use on most materials but are quick setting when used on card and paper. Generally
clear and relatively thick they are most suited to sticking thin surfaces together as a strong
rapid bond is formed. They are however a little thick in consistency and expensive for use on large
surface areas.
'School Glues' (non PVA) - The best known name in this group is Gloy. A thinner,
clear more liquid adhesive than the the all purpose types. More suited to large areas although can
over wet thin paper. When used sparingly it is extremely effective and easy to clean
if applied incorrectly using a damp cloth when wet.
PVA or similar - Probably the
most useful model making adhesive available. When used sparingly PVA is a very good adhesive on card
and paper forming a quick strong bond. It is ideal for covering large areas as it is
inexpensive and very little is required. Again any excess can be cleaned using a damp cloth while the
adhesive is wet. It is best used as a 'neat' adhesive although dilution with water is possible. Some
commercial makes are more dilute than others. Always purchase a thick smooth flowing PVA that dries clear.
Super Glue - A recent essential addition to the modellers tool box. Super glue has its uses with
most modelling materials and therefore has a place in card and paper modelling. Super
glue is ideal where holding the subject may be difficult and a rapid bond is required. It is also useful
for adding detail to card and paper models. Do not purchase an expensive super glue as it is not necessary.
The 'Bond It' range is recommended from our tools/materials internet shop.
Techniques - Hints & Tips
Techniques/hints and tips are very simple with card and paper. Remember to read the tools section above as some useful hints are contained within.
One of the most important tips is to remember that paper blunts blades rapidly! As soon as you feel the blade 'drag', replace it as ragged cuts will spoil the appearance of a model.
Card edges can be sealed using PVA adhesive. This allows the surface to be sanded at a later date
When making pre-coloured card kits, painting the edges using acrylic or water based paints improves the appearance.
Reinforce card kits and structures using triangular corner pieces
Keep the knife blade vertical when cutting card to produce neat joints.